Primary Health Care Systems - 2079 Words

Introduction Health care is everyone’s business. It is what every individual fights to maintain, it affects a communities social and economical status and is continually discussed at a global level. Education, access to information, equipment and professionals has a direct influence on a community’s level of health. Health varies across regions, not everyone has access to these basic health systems, in order to sustain a level of health, programs and promotions supported by government funding and professionals are undertaken however there success can be depended on the consideration of the external influences and restrictions. The world health organsiation (1978) empowered nations to embrace a primary health care system. Primary health care is the first level of contact people have with the health system, its aim is to bringing health care as close to people as possible to where they live, learn, work and play. All health professionals should understand primary health care, its philosophy, goals and determinants; it should be the underlying influence which governs their practice. The key elements to the success of primary health care are; health promotion, disease prevention, equity in health status, health education, inter-sectorial care planning and organization, accessibility, appropriate technology, and public participation. A primary health care system involves health professionals working together and delivering care within a specific environment and local community.Show MoreRelatedContribution of primary care to health systems and health: Is it essential?2089 Words   |  9 PagesContribution of primary care to health systems and health: Is it essential? Evidence of the health promoting power of primary care has increased ever since investigators have been able to differentiate primary care from other characteristics of the health services delivery system. 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Swot Analysis in Pharmaceutical Industry Free Essays

string(42) " will fall into four distinct categories\." History of SWOT In the 1960’s and 70’s, Albert Humphrey is said to have developed this strategic planning tool using data from the top companies in America at the time. A SWOT Analysis looks at the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that are relevant to an organization in a new venture. A SWOT Analysis is a tool which allows users to look at the direction a company or organization may wish to move towards in the future. We will write a custom essay sample on Swot Analysis in Pharmaceutical Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now A SWOT Analysis is a useful tool, which in conjunction with others can help make informed decisions. Definition of SWOT Many people see SWOT as synonymous with strategic planning. In fact, a SWOT analysis is only one of many tools that can be used in an organization’s strategic planning process. SWOT is short for â€Å"Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats†. By specifying clear objectives and identifying internal and external factors that are either helpful or not, a short and simple SWOT analysis is a useful resource which may be incorporated into an organizations strategic planning model. Strengths Internal attributes those are helpful to the organization to achieving its objective Weaknesses Internal attributes that are harmful to the organization to achieving its objective Opportunities External factors that help the organization achieve its objective Threats External factors those are harmful to the organization to achieving its objective. After identifying the SWOT’s, identification of the factors and their interdependence helps clarify the steps needed to achieve the ending objectives. Internal and External Factors The aim of any SWOT analysis is to identify the key internal and external factors that are important to achieving the objective. SWOT analysis groups ey pieces of information into two main categories: * Internal factors – The strengths and weaknesses internal to the organization * External factors – The opportunities and threats pre-sented by the exter-nal environment. HelpfulTo achieve objectives| HarmfulTo achieve objectives| Internal origin| strengths| Weaknesses| External origin| opportunities| threats| The internal factors may be viewed as strengths or weaknesses depending upon their impact on the organization’s objectives. What may represent strengths with respect to one objective may be weak-nesses for another objective. The factors may include all of the 4P’s; as well as personnel, finance, manufac-turing capabilities, and so on. The external factors may include macroeconomic matters, technological change, legislation, and socio-cultural changes, as well as changes in the mar-ketplace or competitive position. The results are often presented in the form of a matrix. Purpose of swot analysis A SWOT analysis is designed to help an organization understand how it relates to its external environment. In other words, to act as a way of seeing if the organization is aligned with the world going on around it. Workshop sessions * Brainstorming * meetings * Problem solving * Product evaluation * Strategic planning * Competitor evaluation * Personal development planning By focusing on the key factors affecting your business, now and in the future, a SWOT analysis provides a clear basis for examining your business performance and prospects. This briefing outlines: Typical strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and how to identify them. How to use SWOT analysis to drive your business forward. 1. Self-analysis Use SWOT analysis as part of a regular process of reviewing your business performance. You may also want to carry out a SWOT analysis in preparation for raising finance or before bringing in consultants to review your business. 1. 1 Decide who to involve. Key participants are likely to include the managing director and heads of department. Involving others will give a fuller picture and help to gain their commitment to the process. Find out what customers think using a customer satisfaction survey. Consider bringing in sympathetic outsiders who know your business and market (eg customers and suppliers). Many businesses find a consultant most useful for their first SWOT analysis. 1.2 Brainstorm the issues. Ask everyone to identify any strengths or weaknesses they feel the business has, and any opportunities or threats they think the business faces. Encourage participants to make suggestions without trying to judge how important the issue is. Concentrate especially on identifying weaknesses and threats. Be aware that lack of honesty is a common problem. For example, most people find it easier to identify strengths and opportunities, particularly if the performance of key people (including yourself) is one of the weaknesses. You may want to use checklists to prompt further suggestions Organize related ideas into groups. Recording suggestions on Post-it notes or cards that can be moved around and rearranged makes this easy. 1. 3 Evaluate the significance of the issues that have been identified. To help you, use relevant data from your own and similar businesses. Update your conclusions from any previous SWOT analysis. For example, a strength may no longer exist (e. g. if last year’s cutting edge product is now obsolete). Assess whether your strengths (or weaknesses) give your business a significant competitive advantage (or disadvantage). For example, your strong research and development programme is useless unless you have the resources to exploit the results. Do not be surprised if certain factors crop up as both a strength and a weakness. 1. 4 Create a simple, clear action plan. There is no point holding a SWOT analysis if it does not result in action. Set out what will be done to address weaknesses, capitalise on opportunities and deal with threats . This includes the steps to be taken, the personnel who will be involved, the timeframes and the budget. Involve key personnel in drawing up the action plan to get their commitment. 1. 5 Keep the SWOT analysis and action plan to hand for review before important decisions. For example, as a reminder of what you should be looking for when recruiting a new employee. 2. Strengths Your strengths are usually easy to identify, through your continuing dialogue with customers and suppliers. Your records (e. g. sales) will also help to indicate areas where you are particularly strong (e. g. rising sales for a Particular product). For most businesses, strengths will fall into four distinct categories. You read "Swot Analysis in Pharmaceutical Industry" in category "Essay examples" 2. 1 Sound finances may give you advantages over your competitors. Important factors might include: Positive cash flow. Growing turnover and profitability. Skilled financial management, good credit control and few bad debts. A strong balance sheet. Access to extensive credit, a strong credit rating, and a good relationship with the bank and other sources of finance. 2. 2 Marketing may be the key to your success. For example, your business may enjoy: †¢ Market leadership in a profitable niche. †¢ A good reputation and a strong brand name. †¢ An established customer base. †¢ A strong product range. Effective research and development, use of design and innovation. †¢ A skilled sales force. †¢ Thorough after-sales service. †¢ Protected intellectual property (eg registered designs, patented products). 2. 3 Management and personnel skills an systems may provide equally important underpinnings for success. These may include factors such as: * Management strength in depth. The ability to make quick decisions. Skilled employees, successful recruitment, and effective training and development. Good motivation and morale. Efficient administration. 2. 4 Strengths in production may include the right premises and plant, and good sources of materials or sub assemblies You may benefit from: Modern, low-cost production facilities. Spare production capacity. A good location. Effective purchasing and good relationships with suppliers. Be aware that strengths are not always what they seem. Strengths may imply weaknesses (for example, market leaders are often complacent and bureaucratic) and often imply threats (for example, your star salesman may be a strength — until he resigns). 3. Weaknesses Your weaknesses are often known but ignored. A SWOT analysis should be the starting point for tackling underperformance in your business. 3. 1 Poor financial management may result in situations where: Insufficient funds are available for investment in new plant or product development. All available security, including personal assets and guarantees, is already pledged for existing borrowings. Poor credit control leads to unpredictable cash flow. 3. 2 Lack of marketing focus may lead to: Unresponsive attitudes to customer requirements. A limited or outdated product range. Complacency and a failure to innovate. Over-reliance on a few customers. 3. 3 Management and personnel weaknesses are often hard to recognize, except with hindsight. Familiar examples are: Failure to delegate and train successors. Expertise and control locked up in a few key personnel. Inability to take outside advice. High staff turnover. 3. 4 Inefficient production, premises and plant can undermine any business, however hard people work. Typical problems include: Poor location and shabby premises. Outdated equipment, high cost production and low productivity. Long leases tying the business to unsuitable premises or equipment. Inefficient processes. 4. Opportunities External changes provide opportunities that well managed businesses can turn to their advantage. 4. 1 Changes involving organizations and individuals which directly affect your business may open up completely new possibilities. For example: Deterioration in a competitor’s performance or the insolvency of a competitor. Improved access to potential new customers and markets (e. g. overseas). Increased sales to existing customers, or new leads gained through them. The development of new distribution channels (e. g. the Internet). Improved supply arrangements, such as just-in-time supply or outsourcing non-core activities. The opportunity to recruit a key employee from a competitor. The introduction of financial backers who are keen to fund expansion. 4. 2 The broader business environment may shift in your favor. This may be caused by: Political, legislative or regulatory change. For example, a change in legislation that requires customers to purchase a product. Economic trends. For example, falling interest rates reducing the cost of capital. Social developments. For example, demographic changes or changing consumer requirements leading to an increase in demand for your products. New technology. For example, new materials, processes and information technology. 5 Threats Threats can be minor or can have the potential to destroy the business. ? Compare both strengths and weaknesses by benchmarking key areas with those in other businesses. 5. 1 Changes involving organizations and individuals that directly affect your business can have far-reaching effects. For example: Improved competitive products or the emergence of new competitors. Loss of a significant customer. Creeping over-reliance on one distributor or group of distributors. Failure of suppliers to meet quality requirements. Price rises from suppliers. Key personnel leaving, perhaps with trade secrets. Lenders reducing credit lines or increasing charges. A rent review threatening to increase costs, or the expiry of a lease. Legal action (e. g. being sued by a customer). 5. 2 The broader business environment may alter to your disadvantage. This may be the result of: Political, legislative or regulatory change. For example, new regulation increasing your costs or requiring product redesign. Economic trends. For example, lower exchange rates reducing your income from overseas. Social developments. For example, consumer demands for ‘environmentally-friendly’ products. New technology. For example, technology that makes your products obsolete or gives competitors an advantage. 6. Action The results of SWOT analysis — and the action needed — will be different for every business. 6. 1 Capitalize on opportunities that play to your strengths. Opportunities that match your strengths may prompt you to pursue a strategy of aggressive expansion. The SWOT analysis may also suggest other strategic options. For example: Diversifying away from areas of significant threat to more promising opportunities. Focusing on turning around weaknesses in areas of significant opportunity (see 6. 2). Taking defensive measures in areas of threat where you are weak (see 6. 3). 6. 2 Address your weaknesses. Decide which weaknesses need to be addressed as a priority. Other weaknesses must be acknowledged and respected until time and resources allow a solution. Some weaknesses can be turned into strengths or opportunities. For example, it might be possible to turn a shortage of production capacity into scarcity value for your product. Some weaknesses have a clear solution. For example, financial weakness might be solved by raising further funds and management shortcomings by recruiting new personnel. Some weaknesses will take time and money to address. For example, you may need to start a programme of improvements through training, or quality management. 6. 3 Protect yourself against threats. For example: Build relationships with suppliers and customers. Foster good employee relations. Ensure you have clear and reasonable contracts with suppliers, customers and employees. Take out insurance cover against obvious potential disasters. Draw up realistic contingency plans to cope with potential crises. Introduce the right types of service contracts for key personnel. Invest in legal protection for your intellectual property. Take advantage of low fixed interest rates to move your overdraft to long-term loans. Successful businesses focus on capturing market niches and creating ‘barriers to entry’ to reduce potential competition. Indian Pharmacy Industry: SWOT analysis It is often said that the pharmacy sector has no cyclical factor attached to it. Irrespective of whether the economy is in a downturn or in an upturn, the general belief is that demand for drugs is likely to grow steadily over the long-term. True in some sense. But are there risks? This article gives a perspective of the Indian pharmacy industry by carrying out a SWOT analysis (Strength,  Weakness,  Opportunity,  and Threat). Before we start the analysis let’s look a little back in the industry’s last six years performance. The Industry is a largely fragmented and highly competitive with a large number of players having interest in it. The following chart shows the breakup of the growth (YoY) Indian pharmaceutical industry  in last six years. *Volume growth of existing products The SWOT analysis of the industry reveals the position of the Indian pharmacy industry in respect to its internal and external environment. Strengths: 1. Indian with a population of over a billion is a largely untapped market. In fact the penetration of modern medicine is less than 30% in India. To put things in perspective, per capita expenditure on health care in India is US$ 93 while the same for countries like Brazil is US$ 453 and Malaysia US$189. 2. The growth of middle class in the country has resulted in fast changing lifestyles in urban and to some extent rural centers. This opens a huge market for lifestyle drugs, which has a very low contribution in the Indian markets. 3. Indian manufacturers are one of the lowest cost producers of drugs in the world. With a scalable labor force, Indian manufactures can produce drugs at 40% to 50% of the cost to the rest of the world. In some cases, this cost is as low as 90%. 4. Indian pharmaceutical industry posess excellent chemistry and process reengineering skills. This adds to the competitive advantage of the Indian companies. The strength in chemistry skill helps Indian companies to develop processes, which are cost effective. 5. Cost competitiveness due to lower labour cost and production cost 6. Well-developed industry with strong manufacturing base 7. Well established network of Laboratories and R ; D infrastructure for new drug discovery and development 8. Access to pool of highly trained   and skilled scientists, both in India and abroad 9. Strong marketing and distribution network in domestic as well as international market 10. India is second largest country in terms of population in world with rich biodiversity 11. Expertise in reverse engineering and development of new Chemical process made Indian pharmaceutical industry as one of the strongest generic industry Weakness: 1. The Indian pharmacy companies are marred by the price regulation. Over a period of time, this regulation has reduced the pricing ability of companies. The NPPA (National Parma Pricing Authority), which is the authority to decide the various pricing parameters, sets prices of different drugs, which leads to lower profitability for the companies. The companies, which are lowest cost producers, are at advantage while those who cannot produce have either to stop production or bear losses. 2. Indian pharmacy sector has been marred by lack of product patent, which prevents global pharmacy companies to introduce new drugs in the country and discourages innovation and drug discovery. But this has provided an upper hand to the Indian pharmacy companies. 3. Indian pharmacy market is one of the least penetrated in the world. However, growth has been slow to come by. As a result, Indian majors are relying on exports for growth. To put things in to perspective, India accounts for almost 16% of the world population while the total size of industry is just 1% of the global pharmacy industry. 4. Due to very low barriers to entry, Indian pharmacy industry is highly fragmented with about 300 large manufacturing units and about 18,000 small units spread across the country. This makes Indian pharmacy market increasingly competitive. The industry witnesses price competition, which reduces the growth of the industry in value term. To put things in perspective, in the year 2003, the industry actually grew by 10. % but due to price competition, the growth in value terms was 8. 2% (prices actually declined by 2. 2%) 5. Low investment in innovative Research ; Development 6. Lack of resources to compete with MNCs for New Drug Discovery Research and to commercialise molecules on a worldwide basis 7. Lack of strong linkages between industries and academia 8. Lack of culture of innovation in the industry 9. Low   per capita medical expenditure and healthcare spend in country 10. Inadequate regulatory standards 11. Production of spurious and low quality drugs tarnishes the image of industry at home and abroad Opportunities 1. The migration into a product patent based regime is likely to transform industry fortunes in the long term. The new patent product regime will bring with it new innovative drugs. This will increase the profitability of MNC pharmacy companies and will force domestic pharmacy companies to focus more on R;D. This migration could result in consolidation as well. Very small players may not be able to cope up with the challenging environment and may succumb to giants. 2. Large number of drugs going off-patent in Europe and in the US between 2005 to 2009 offers a big opportunity for the Indian companies to capture this market. Since generic drugs are commodities by nature, Indian producers have the competitive advantage, as they are the lowest cost producers of drugs in the world. 3. Opening up of health insurance sector and the expected growth in per capita income are key growth drivers from a long-term perspective. This leads to the expansion of healthcare industry of which pharmacy industry is an integral part. 4. Being the lowest cost producer combined with FDA approved plants; Indian companies can become a global outsourcing hub for pharmaceutical products. 5. Significant export potential to the developing as well as developed countries 6. Licensing deals and collaborations with MNCs for New Chemical Entities and New Drug Delivery Systems 7. Providing marketing operations to sell MNC products in domestic market 8. India can be niche player in global pharmaceutical R ; D by developing world class infrastructure 9. Contract manufacturing arrangements with MNCs 10. Potential for developing India as a centre for International Clinical Trials 11. Increasing aging world population 12. Increasing incomes and buying power of people especially in rural areas has opened the great opportunity for Indian pharma companies. Around 70% of the total population of India is residing in rural areas. 13. Growing awareness for health and increasing spending on health Threats: 1. There are certain concerns over the patent regime regarding its current structure. It might be possible that the new government may change certain provisions of the patent act formulated by the preceding government. 2. Threats from other low cost countries like China and Israel exist. However, on the quality front, India is better placed relative to China. So, differentiation in the contract manufacturing side may wane. 3. The short-term threat for the pharmacy industry is the uncertainty regarding the implementation of VAT. Though this is likely to have a negative impact in the short-term, the implications over the long-term are positive for the industry. 4. Significant export potential to the developing as well as developed countries 5. Licensing deals and collaborations with MNCs for New Chemical Entities and New Drug Delivery Systems 6. Providing marketing operations to sell MNC products in domestic market 7. India can be niche player in global pharmaceutical R ; D by developing world class infrastructure 8. Contract manufacturing arrangements with MNCs 9. Potential for developing India as a centre for International Clinical Trials 10. Increasing aging world population 11. Increasing incomes and buying power of people especially in rural areas has opened the great opportunity for Indian pharma companies. Around 70% of the total population of India is residing in rural areas. 12. Growing awareness for health and increasing spending on health SWOT analysis of some pharmaceutical industries in india ————————————————- 1. SUN PHARMA INDUSTRIES Sun Pharmacy Industries| Parent Company| Sun Pharma Industries| Category| Pharmaceutical| Sector| Healthcare| Tagline/ Slogan| Leadership through focused research| USP| Sun pharmacy fifth largest ; most profitable company in India| STP| Segment| Cardiology, psychiatry, neurology, gastroenterology, dibetology| Target Group| Healthcare professionals, pharmacists| Positioning| They are international specialty pharma company with strong presence in Indian ; US generics market| SWOT Analysis| Strength| 1. Strong growth in emerging market business2. Introduction of Pantoprazole ; Eloxatin in US market has very limited competition3. They have strong marketing ; sales force of over 12,000 employees4. They have successfully acquired Taro pharma which has further consolidated their position in Indian markets 5. Strong brand presence in India and US markets| Weakness| 1. Stiff competition from many Indian and other global brands means limited market share growth2. Limited presence in emerging markets and European countries| Opportunity| 1. They can leverage their acquisitions to further increase the growth2. They can increase their presence in contract manufacturing3. Increasing healthcare awareness in India| Threats| 1. There is growing competition in generics market2. Stringent patent regulations3. High price sensitivity of consumers| Competition| Competitors| 1. Cipla 2. Lupin pharmaceuticals3. Ranbaxy4. Dr. Reddy’s laboratories| 2. DR. REDDY’S Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd| Parent Company| Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd| Category| Pharmaceuticals| Sector| Health care| Tagline/ Slogan| Life. Research. Hope| USP| Strong vertically integrated portfolio of products, businesses geographies| STP| Segment| Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), Custom Pharmaceutical Services (CPS), generics, biosimiler, differentiated formulations and News Chemical Entities (NCEs)| Target Group| Healthcare professionals, retail outlets| Positioning| Committed to providing affordable and innovative medicines for healthier lives| SWOT Analysis| Strength| 1. Company launched Peg-grafeelTM, an inexpensive variety of pegfilgrastim, used to fight infection in chemotherapy where company has sold some 1. 5 million units of it. 2. Dowpharma/Chirotech acquisition provided proprietary chiral and biocatalysts technology 3. The acquisition of Beta pharma helped to introduce an array of generic products and show its presence in the European markets. 4. Has a strong workforce of over 15,000 employees| Weakness| 1. Discovery of drugs is a highly unpredictable business 2. Strict govt regulations and policies affects operational efficiency| Opportunity| 1. Leverage Biologics Cytotoxic Infrastructure to deal with the need of Oncology Market 2. New partnerships to develop Biosimiler business 3. Develop cost effective ways of new drug development to improve business in emerging markets| Threats| 1. Preliminary investment for Drug discovery is very high2. long gestational period for new drug development3. increasingly stringent regulations for new drug development| Competition| Competitors| 1. Sun pharma 2. Lupin 3. Cipla4. Ranbaxy labs| 3. AUROBINDO PHARMA Aurobindo pharma Ltd| Parent Company| Aurobindo Pharma| Category| Pharmaceutical| Sector| Health care| Tagline/ Slogan| Committed to healthier life! | USP| Among the largest ‘Vertically Integrated’ pharmaceutical companies in India, with a robust product portfolio| STP| Segment| CVS, Antibiotics, Gastroenterologicals, Anti-Diabetics , Anti-Allergic Anti-Retroviral and CNS| Target Group| Patients and doctors who seek good health| Positioning| They are global pharmaceutical company with great commitment to healthier life| SWOT Analysis| Strength| 1. A new drug Nevirapine discovered against the HIV infective disease has been approved by the US FDA, which will increase the market size and profits of the company. 2. Approval of generic version of Clopidogrel from FDA will boost revenue of company3. A greater growth in terms of sales in the US and Europe due to various US approvals4. Strong marketing network 5. Aurobindo exports to over 125 countries across the globe| Weakness| 1. Retirement of the three top most directors will have an impact on the functioning till new capable people join. 2. The company is not into mergers or acquisitions which will help it increase the product list3. Very low in the corporate social front4. Largely dependant on Indian market for revenue generation| Opportunity| 1. Increasing health awareness2. improving the RD section to expand the product pipeline3. Globalize and further break through into joint ventures and subsidiaries into China, Brazil and other Latin American markets. Threats| 1. The European crisis, which will have a great impact on the sales since major orders are from the Europe and US2. Depreciating value of currency will affect the export3. Peers post a major competition. | Competition| Competitors| 1. Cipla 2. Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories3. Sun Pharma Industries4. Ranbaxy| | | | ————à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- ————————————————- 4. CIPLA Cipla| Parent Company| Cipla| Category| Pharmaceuticals| Sector| Healthcare Industry| Tagline/ Slogan| Caring for life| USP| Commitment to make medicines affordable and accessible particularly to cancer patients| STP| Segment| AIDS, respiratory disease, cancer cardiovascular disease, arthritis| Target Group| Customers of various flavors and fragrances, OTC products, prescription products, pesticides, agrochemicals, doctors| Positioning| They use latest technology to concentrate all their knowledge of over seven decades in developing life saving drugs| SWOT Analysis| Strength| 1. Cipla has developed good positive image by providing support to cancer patients by issuing drugs at low cost 2. Imminent commencement of the Fixed-Dose combination for treatment of uncomplicated  P. falciparum  malaria to tackle the 200+ million cases of malaria globally3. Initiation of ‘No Touch Breast Scan’ a step forward in the screening technology in India. 4. A foremost player in anti-infective and anti-asthmatic formulations. 5. Has a strong employee force of over 16,000| Weakness| 1. Strong competition from international and domestic giants means limited market share2. Cipla had faced problems during negative campaign by AHF| Opportunity| 1. It can venture into Alzheimer’s disease medication 2. They can use Viramune generic to achieve higher growth. 3. Increased investment in the budding markets, to push expansion in the global economy| Threats| 1. Constant price rises in the Indian country is taking its toll and compounding the problem 2. The Indian Rupee depreciated as compared to the US Dollar3. Fluctuations in currency exchange rates have a noteworthy impact on the Company’s operations and financial results. | Competition| Competitors| 1. Sun Pharmaceuticals 2. Dr. Reddy’s laboratories3. Lupine4. Ranbaxy labs| ————————————————- ———————————————— 5. RANBAXY | Ranbaxy| Parent Company| Ranbaxy| Category| Pharmaceuticals| Sector| Health care| Tagline/ Slogan| New boundaries, new Horizons; Trusted medicines healthier lives| USP| It is Indiaâ €™s largest pharmaceutical company| STP| Segment| Anti-Infective, Cardiovascular Diabetes, Dermatological, Neuro-Psychiatry, Pain management, Gastro-Intestinal, Nutritional| Target Group| Healthcare professionals, wholesalers, generic distributors, and hospitals| Positioning| A diversifies global healthcare company focused on patient’s needs| SWOT Analysis| Strength| 1. Top 10 Global Generic Company with a spread over 125 countries2. over 13,000 well trained Employees, over 50 nationalities3. Strong presence in the International market with a major share and a strong presence in India as well4. It has operations in nearly 50 countries and has 7 manufacturing plants| Weakness| 1. It is heavily dependent upon generics for its revenue generation2. Constantly regulated policies by the govt means operational efficiency is affected| Opportunity| 1. increasing health awareness2. Improvement in distribution network ; brand building3. They can leverage   Synriam, anti-malarial drug in brand building| Threats| 1. Increasingly stringent FDA Regulations2. Exchange rate fluctuations3. Global economic slowdown| Competition| Competitors| 1. Sun Pharma 2. Dr Reddys Labs3. Lupin pharmaceuticals4. Glaxosmithkline| ————————————————- 6. LUPIN | | | Lupin| Parent Company| Lupin| Category| Pharmaceutical| Sector| Healthcare| Tagline/ Slogan| Being lupin, enriching lives everyday| USP| Lupin is the world’s largest manufacturer of anti- tuberculosis drugs| STP| Segment| Anti TB segment, Cardiovascular, Oral and injectable, pediatric products API’s, Anti-Infective segment| Target Group| Healthcare professionals, doctors treating patients suffering from TB, respiratory   ;   cardiovascular diseases| Positioning| It is innovation led pharmaceutical company, which specializes in generic, API ; branded formulations for developed ; developing world. | SWOT Analysis| Strength| 1. World wide leader in Cephalosporin and Anti TB drugs   2. Considerable presence in market for drugs against Asthma, Pediatrics, Diabetes, and CNS boosts the sales 3. In the US and Japanese market it is the largest generic player 4. Acquisition of I’rom pharma helped to increase its product list and in turn sales5. Wide global footprint as it is present in over 70 countries| Weakness| 1. High dependence on global formulation business with 84% revenue coming from US market 3. Forecasting done on technological level is less4. It operates in low growth segments such CNS, respiratory diseases| Opportunity| 1. Increased health awareness2. Emerging technological trends in drug delivery3. Increasing prevalence of TB in developing countries| Threats| 1. Unsuccessful   assimilation of questions2. Rigid opposition both from locals and global company3. Soaring cost of discovering novel products| Competition| Competitors| 1. Sun pharmaceuticals2. Ranbaxy pharmaceuticals3. Dr. Reddy’s lab4. Cipla| Conclusion: A realistic recognition of the weaknesses and threats that exist for your effort is the first step to countering them with a robust and creative set of strengths and opportunities. A SWOT analysis identifies your strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to assist you in making strategic plans and decisions. †¢SWOT is a simple yet comprehensive way of assessing the positive and negative forces within and without your organization, so you can be better prepared to act effectively. The more stakeholders you involve in preparing the SWOT, the more valuable your analysis will be. †¢Whatever courses of action you decide on, the four-cornered SWOT analysis prompts you to move in a balanced way throughout your program. It reminds you to: †¢Build on your strengths †¢Minimize your weakn †¢Seize opportunities †¢Counteract threats †¢A SWOT analysis will be most helpful if you use it to support the vision, mission, and objectives you have already defined. The SWOT will at least provide perspective, and at best will reveal connections and areas for action. References 1. Chapman, A. (2007). SWOT analysis. Retrieved October 10, 2007, from http://www. businessballs. com/swotanalysisfreetemplate. htm 2. JRC European Commission. (2007). SWOT (strengths weaknesses opportunities and threats) analysis. Re- trieved October 19, 2007, from http://forlearn. jrc. es/guide/2_design/meth_swot-analysis. htm 3. SWOT analysis. (2007). British Airways, PLC SWOT Analysis, , 5. 4. Tuckwell, K. J. (2007). Strategic planning principles. Integrated marketing communications: Strategic plan- 5. ning perspectives (2nd ed. , pp. 47-51). Toronto: Pearson Education Canada. Wikipedia. (2007). SWOT analysis. Retrieved October 20, 2007, from 6. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/SWOT_Analysis 7. www. bhpinfosolutions. co. uk 8. www. mbaskool. com/brandguide How to cite Swot Analysis in Pharmaceutical Industry, Essay examples

George Eliots novel Silas Marner Essay Example For Students

George Eliots novel Silas Marner Essay In the following essay, I will be examining the way in which George Eliot has portrayed the theme of money in Silas Marner and its consequent effect on the characters, the relationship between them, and the plot. George Eliot herself described Silas Marner as a story of old fashioned village life and as such, it has long been a favourite amongst her novels. It combines comments on morality and religion in a narrative of life in England during the artisan industry. The story centres around the weaver of Raveloe, Silas Marner whom before experiencing the events that had a major effect on his life was just an honest individual well integrated in the church community in Lantern Yard and eagerly awaiting his wedding day. All of this, however, was to take a dramatic turn for the worse when he was framed by William Dane (who he thought was his best friend) and was said to have stolen money from the dying deacon whom he was supposed to watch. Silas was later falsely accused and consequently found guilty by the lots. His friend who betrays and blames him for the murder steals his love, Nancy Lammeter, whom he was eagerly awaiting to wed, from him. These events are the basis for the motivation of Silas alienation from society, as Eliot describes on page 11 when writing the past becomes dreamy because its symbols have all vanished, and the present too dreamy because it is linked with no memories, and rejects his faith in God and evangelical beliefs. As a means of escape, he takes up weaving, as a reprieve from his inner pain and suffering. The second chapter finds Silas fleeing to Lantern Yard, escaping from the misfortunes experienced. Eliot follows this up when writing In the early ages of the world, we know, it was believed that each territory was inhabited and ruled by its own divinities, so that man could cross the bordering heights and be out of the reach of his native Gods In other words, the trust Silas previously had in faith and in the church had turned to bitterness. No longer was his trust in the Lord present in his disintegrating life. Here he leads a half-life in Raveloe alone in his loom and his gold which becomes his obsessive endeavour before later being replaced by the gold haired Eppie, helping to reawaken Silas to society. As far as the event of Lantern Yard goes William Dane, Silas best friend steals the dying deacons money in order to win the heart of Silas long time love, Sarah Lammeter and consequently land his friend into hot water. This fate is devastating for Silas, disappointed in friendship and love, and therefore opting to depart Lantern Yard and society as a whole. His gold now becomes the object of his work, and nothing but weaving his loom day and night in order to earn more of the gold matters. Eliot admits, money had stood him as the symbol of earthly good, and the immediate object of toil His life had reduced itself to the mere functions of weaving and hoarding, without any contemplation of an end towards which the functions tended. Money, therefore, in this case is a replacement for all that is missing from Silas life and a means of filling the spiritual void left by the abandonment of religion. Money is portrayed as a replacement for human contact and faith in God. The next two chapters see Eliot turning her attention to the Cass family, whom we learn, is a wealthy, prominent family of nobles headed by Squire Cass. The importance of money to Dunstan, who is portrayed as a mischievous, spiteful fellow and second born son of the Cass family, is made evident in Chapter 4. Here he resorts to stealing Silas gold in an attempt to comfort his own brothers (Godfrey) financial troubles. He is forced into committing this robbery after the horse (Wildfire) which his brother Godfrey originally allowed Dunstan to sell in order to solve their financial troubles, dies tragically. While it is Dunstan who uses this to his own advantage by threatening to tell his father of Godfreys secret marriage to Molly Farren, it is his older brother who ends up in the predicament with his father for owing debts in the first place. The proposed plan was for was for Dunstan to sell Wildfire to a friend of the family, which he agreed to after a generous offer. Inside Dunstans mind, on the other hand, he thinks that a greater profit would be assembled should the horse be entered into a dog hunt. Subsequently and tragically, disaster strikes during the hunt with the horse falling into a pit, leading to its untimely death. The result was contrary to expectation and the catastrophe only acknowledges the fate of the moneys adversity and how in the most improbable of circumstances it can cause great distress. Dunstans opportunist state of mind when entering the horse for the race portrays the elements of greed and arrogance convincingly. Neglecting the demand from a trustworthy family member for the horse, Dunstan opted as an alternative to enter Wildfire into a race, identifying the opportunity of making some extra money and thus grabbing the opportunity with both hands. On the other hand, we can look at Dunstans actions sympathetically. He was, after all in a predicament of having to lend a helping hand in paying back his brothers debts. The misfortune of money is further confirmed through Dunstans next little misadventure, not merely for himself, however, but coincidentally for Silas. These subsequent events find Dunstan paying the absent Silas house a visit, at first hoping the lonely weaver will compassionately loan him a sum of his money. However, when later discovering Silas absence he realises that there is nothing there to prevent him from simply stealing the gold, which he does without hesitation. At this stage of the novel, we cannot help but speculate as to the consequent effect the event will have on Silas and how he will go about dealing with it. Money at this point is his only passion and comfort and its absence would be devastating, to say the least. Chapter XIII: Of ceremonies in the enterview of kings   EssayThis is the first time many of the residents have seen Silas out of his shell. The opinion concerning the robbery of the gold is divided amongst the people. Some are sceptical while others offer a helping hand in sympathy. Here we sense a positive side effect to the whole situation by recognising Silas need to communicate with the others in order to get his gold back, after being alienated for so long. Money at this point appears to be the cause of his reintegration to society after earlier being the subject of his alienation. Eliot admits that Silas is being forced to open himself up in order to ask for help when writing This strangely novel situation of opening his trouble to his Raveloe neighbours, of sitting in the warmth of a heart not his own, and feeling in the presence of faces and voices which were his nearest promise of help, had doubtless its influence on Marner, in spite of his passionate preoccupation with his loss Even the villagers in Chapter 10 show a positive attitude and are willing to comfort him by visiting his cottage and bringing gifts. When asked, however, to attend a church service and seek refuge in his faith Silas refuses, already disillusioned with the religion he had formerly trusted in. The same chapter finds Silas in deep mourning over the robbery. He is described as a man more confused and desolate than ever, spending most of his time bent over in a chair, holding his head in his hands. I feel some sympathy for Silas at this stage because his decision to leave the door unlocked only reflected the confidence he had in his judgement over the towns residents in the past 15 years. His unfit state of mind even before the incident was partly responsible for his greed and reasoning love for his gold. He was let down in friendship and the trust once had in his evangelical beliefs had also vanished. The significant quote in this chapter is The loom was there, and the weaving, and the growing pattern in the cloth, but the bright treasure in the hole under his feet was gone, the prospect off handling and counting it was gone: the evening had no phantasm of delight to still the poor souls craving, detailing Silas mourning over the robbery of his gold. It is not however until the unexpected appearance of the gold haired Eppie in chapter 12 that Silas is reawakened to society. The child toddles to Silas house after Molly had fallen into the snow. It appears that fate has compensated Silas in this time of despair with Eppie transforming his reclusive life into one full of love and newfound happiness. His attention has now turned to Eppie, a person to love, and thus helping Silas to understand a mutual connection with something other than his gold. Ironic to note that fate has turned the gold haired Eppie into Silas newfound love and happiness metaphorically replacing his previous ambition of gold. Eliot thus portrays Eppie as a sort of metaphor and writes how fate has blessed Silas with his miracles. The point Eliot is trying to make is that the love for a human being is more fulfilling than the love of money. Ironic also because one member of the Cass family took Silas gold while the other gave Silas his daughter. Eliot portrays very well the concept than man cannot live in a vacuum all his life. Though Silas finds some satisfaction in his tenacious weaving and hoarding of gold, he only discovers true happiness after he dedicates himself to inter-personal relationships. Though his exile from Lantern Yard proves devastating to his self confidence and trust in others and God, fifteen years later when Silas makes a full recovery adopting Eppie to replace his loss of money with love of a daughter. The fact that Lantern Yard has disappeared years later when Silas and Eppie go to visit it suggests that the town no longer dear to Silas. In fact, the removal of the town serves as a metaphor for Silass ability to find happiness outside the past. This makes sense because since the weaver has recovered and Eppie has opened his eyes to the reality of the world again, his soul is no longer separate from his body. On the other side, we have the Cass family, a wealthy upper class group showing that money can buy you no happiness, as the selfish scoundrels of Dunstan and Godfrey do not get their own way. As a wealthy Godfrey (Eppies natural father), a victim of circumstance who disclaimed the child tries to claim her back at the age of 18 she refuses. Eliot strongly emphasises the point here that nurture wins over nature and that Godfrey, with all his money, cannot buy the one thing that would bring him and Nancy happiness, a child to love. For Silas, Eppie is seen as the fulfilment of natural justice. Silas says, God gave her to me because you turned your back on her, and he looks upon her as mine youve no right to her! When a man turns a blessing from his door, it falls to them as take it in, acknowledging that Silas should be the father rather than Godfrey. We learn that money is one of the central themes of the book with Eliot leaving many morals to comprehend concerning its weaving together of the lives of various characters and being one of the main factors of the novel and in truth everyday life to this day.

Turnover Rate in Corrections free essay sample

Throughout the years, there has been one major dilemma that continues to hassle the administration whose sole purpose is to provide institutional sanctions, treatment programs, and services for managing criminal offenders. This dilemma is the high turnover rate of the Corrections Officers, whom agencies nation wide are losing at an extremely high rate. Recent statistics indicate that nearly half of all Corrections Academy graduates will have left their agency within a two-year period (â€Å"State questions high, â€Å"2004). This high turnover rate is causing a staff shortage, which is forcing agencies to put new officers on the job immediately while being untrained. Though the amount of Corrections Officers departing from their agencies continues to rise, the amount of inmates entering prisons remains the same. This of course can become a serious safety issue for the departments employing these new hires that are inadequately trained. Throughout this paper I will explore the numerous possibilities of what’s causing Corrections Officers to depart from their agencies at such a high rate. We will write a custom essay sample on Turnover Rate in Corrections or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Whether it’s the demanding hours associated with shift work, the high stress and burnout, or the inadequate pay and benefits, all possibilities will be discussed in an attempt to understand why the retention rate of Corrections Officers is lower compared to various other careers across the nation. The Department of Corrections (DOC), privately owned jails, parish jails, and local city jails not only face the hardship of maintaining inmate property, specific calorie counts from meals provided, medicine dispensing, doctor visits, and numerous other tasks required that Corrections Officers tend to on a typical day of work, but these facilities also face the hardship of retaining these Officers for extended lengths of employment. As stated in the Abstract of this paper, â€Å"Recent statistics indicate that nearly half of all Corrections Academy graduates will have left their agency within a two-year period† (â€Å"State questions high, â€Å"2004). This has become a major problem for agencies that have a continuous increase in the number of inmates entering these facilities each year, while becoming almost impossible to keep enough manpower to operate shifts in a safe and secure manner. It is stated that in 1999, the turnover rate of Officers and Corporals within an agency was 29. 6 percent, while the average tenure of Officers was 3 years (â€Å"Department of corrections,†). The turnover rates in 2000 ranged from a low of 3. percent in New York, to a high of 41 percent in Louisiana (Lommel, 2004). Typically, once an Officer has been hired and accepted the job, they are to be trained in some type of Corrections Academy. The department hiring the Officer may host this Academy, or the Officer may have to travel to receive their training. Either way, prior to an Officer actually beginning their job monitoring the walkways of a prison or jail, the Officer should first be well trained to ensure theirs, the inmates, and other Officers safety. However, due to the high number of vacancies within Corrections, Officers are being hired without any experience, while hoping to receive this training academy shortly after becoming employed. Some agencies have established a policy that once the Officer has completed their training at an Academy, they are to sign a contract stating that they will remain with the department for a set amount of years. This is due to the high costs that an agency incurs by having these Officers sent to an accredited Academy to receive their training. The dollar amount that an agency may spend on an Officers training may range anywhere between a few hundred dollars, to a few thousand dollars. To elaborate on the amount of vacancies within Corrections, this could very well be a contributing factor to the increased amount of Officers who resign due to stress and burnout. Officers are being ordered in on their off days or holidays, forced to work mandatory overtime, a higher inmate to Correctional Officer ratio, as well as experienced Officers having to work with an extensive amount of â€Å"rookie† or inexperienced Correctional Officers. This combining of experienced officers with new hires, who have not received any type of prior training, raises the stress level during dangerous interactions with inmates, as well lowering the morale of the Officers who remain and attempt to complete their careers with a specific agency. This may be due to long term employees realizing that many of the new hires are using their time as a Correctional Officer to gain experience, or as a stepping-stone to eventually become a road or patrol Officer, which may involve more experienced Officers not spending the time necessary to assist, or provide â€Å"On the job training† to the new hires. Additional causes of stress may include the threat of inmate violence, actual inmate violence, inmate demands and manipulations, problems with co-workers, as well as having a poor public image. For example, â€Å"Between 1990 and 1995, the number of attacks on correctional officers in State and Federal prisons jumped by nearly one third, from 10,731 to 14,165 (Lommel, 2004). An additional stress added to a Correctional Officers life is being able to balance and separate work from their personal relationships. Workdays at a correctional facility often involve long hours of uneventful and routine procedures. This â€Å"routine† may quickly be disrupted by a brief period of crisis. Some Officers have issues with being able to return to a calm state once a crisis occurs, often times bringing their problems home to their families. This may lead Officers to substance abuse, or alcoholism. Law Enforcement careers can be an extremely difficult, stressful, yet rewarding career, even when referring to Corrections Officers. However, due to the long work hours associated with shift work, combined with the stressful and strenuous workdays officers are exposed to, it seems as if all Law Enforcement, to include Corrections officers do not receive the pay and benefits that they are entitled to. A large number of Corrections Officers are leaving this career field due to struggling with raising families while trying to balance and survive on the annual salary of a Corrections Officer. It seems as if economically speaking, the value of everyday necessities ontinues to rise in value, except for the officers’ paychecks. This dilemma, combined with the additional stress an Officer encounters on the job, could possibly explain why many Officers leave their jobs due to stress and burnout. The benefits that an Officer, or Corrections Officer receives is usually the highlight of their employment contract. Officers usually do receive good insurance and retirement plans. Not just for them, but for their families as well. However, the type of insurance that an Officer receives depends on the plan that the agency has purchased. Some agencies will have top of the line benefits, while others may have insurance carriers with extremely high deductibles and rates, due to tight budget restraints and cutbacks within the department. In addition to the stress, burnout, long hours, and low pay, many officers are never set on retiring within corrections. As previously stated, numerous officers, such as myself, use corrections as a stepping-stone, or training prior to being hired for a patrol position. Numerous agencies such as Sheriff’s Offices of various Parishes within the state, require that an individual hired first serve one to two years within the parish jail prior to being sent to a Police Academy and ultimately landing a position on patrol. Many agencies have come to realize this, which is why they may not spend the time, effort, and funds to train the individual to become a more efficient Corrections Officer. By reflecting on the issues presented in this paper, it is determined that turnover rate in Corrections Officers will likely continue to be a rising problem for agencies. Administrators seeking seminars on retention strategies, which may depend on additional funding, can combat some of these issues. Agencies can improve their policies, improve management, increase criteria of the screening process, as well as address the wage and benefit issue. However, no matter what an agency decides in attempting to retain there officers, there will always be the Officers that slip through the cracks and ultimately cost the department more funding in training the individual, only to have them leave the agency before reaching their desired and previously stated commitment.

United States and Education Essay Example

United States and Education Essay Example United States and Education Essay United States and Education Essay ioJnoioioh Jh Jh h huoih hu hu u;uhuh uh uh p;hup hu uih; hJhu yesterdays front- page story, with an emphasis on marriage. The virtues of abstinence before marriage should be taught alongside facts about contraception, according to the report published by the Department for Education. Since when does anyone on the Left or on the Right think it is a good idea to outsource the moral education of our children to the Government? This survey reads s if it comes from the 1950s in the American Midwest. Many parts of America notably Texas, but many others are the heartland of abstinence-centred sex education. These places also have the highest rates of teenage pregnancy in the developed world. Teens who receive factual sex education are significantly less yesterdays front-page story, with an emphasis on marriage. Since when does anyone on the Left or on the Right think it is a g idea to

Boeing’s e-enabled advantage Essay Example for Free

Boeing’s e-enabled advantage Essay The Boeing Company is a major aerospace and defense corporation, originally founded by William E. Boeing in 1916 in Seattle, Washington. In 2004, it became one of the United State’s largest manufacturers with nearly 160, 000 employees and a net income of $1. 87 billion. It was the world’s largest aerospace company and for decades, had dominated the world’s commercial aviation market. THEIR STRATEGY Their main strategy was to streamline their core processes and to diversify. In streamlining their core processes, Boeing adopted simpler procedures for configuring aircraft to specifications, scheduling, ordering parts and managing inventory. They also diversified and entered into other markets, becoming more agile geographically and becoming less dependent on the highly cycled commercial jetliner market. They also integrated defense systems, Capital Corporation and the commercial airlines. HOW I. T. FACTORED INTO THAT In launching the aforementioned integration and innovative technologies, Boeing needed high end Information Technology expertise. That helped them launch a couple of websites including MyBoeingFleet. com. They also launched the Boeing Connexion and the Airplane Health Management (AHM). They went further and took great strides to understand both the airlines and the airline customers and integrate their business processes with Information Technology. This helped them provide broader services and is the main source of the e-enabled technology mentioned in the case study. This helped them plan and prioritize current and future processes effectively. THE MARKET Their market initially was the United States military which drove their technology but later grew to include commercial airliners. Their commercial airline market rapidly grew to 60% of the market world over and they appeared to have reached the pinnacle of the corporate might. As this happened, the only direction Boeing seemed to be headed was downward due to the emergence of big competitors. THEIR COMPETITION In the commercial airliner, Airbus seemed to be their biggest competition but because of all the technologies they integrated into their business, it was competing in segmented markets against industry giants like Oracle, IBM and Accenture as well as Garmin International and Aero Exchange International but their visionary leadership and their willingness to invest in technology sees them come out on top. THEIR WEAKNESS One of the main weaknesses of Boeing was their inablitiy to meet delivery schedules for airlines. Some airplanes they manufactured were also said to be inefficient but that did not stop them from producing more of those aircrafts which led to the belief that they are out of touch with their customers. Also, their frequent change of leadership could be considered a weakness as that makes them frequently go back to the drawing board to re-strategize. Boeing’s e-enabled advantage. (2016, Aug 07).

Global Humanitarian Assistance of UAE Research Paper

Global Humanitarian Assistance of UAE - Research Paper Example Abu Dhabi serves as the capital of the United Arab Emirates thus making it the center of the state’s political, industrial and cultural activities. In terms of governance, the United Arab Emirates is a Federal Monarchy while its political system draws its formation from the state’s constitution of 1971, which consists of several intricately related governing bodies (United Arab Emirates Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2012). In essence, the United Arab Emirates is neither a constitutional monarchy nor a republic as the rulers of each monarchy, emirate, retain supreme power within their emirates but a single president retains supreme power over the entire United Arab Emirates. The emirs of the seven emirates choose one of their members to serve as the president of the entire federation, but the chosen emir retains the monarchial character of the individual emirate he heads. In light of this dispensation, the constitution of the United Arab Emirates solely addresses the relations between the emirates and does not impose a constitutional system of governance. Economically, the United Arab Emirates has an open economy, which boasts of a high per capita income and a sizeable annual trade surplus. The economy of the United Arab Emirates is as well one of the most developed economies in Western Asia with a comparatively high Human Development Index. With the world’s seventh largest oil reserves and the world’s seventh largest reserves of natural gas resources, the United Arab Emirates has a relatively high economy. This strong economic potential has influenced the states increased participation in the delivery of global humanitarian assistance. In this regard, the United Arab Emirates is a major donor of emergency relief to nations affected by conflicts as well as naturals disasters in developing countries. In light of this, this paper seeks to addresses the global humanitarian assistance of the United Arab Emirates expressing the extent to which the United Arab Emirates has engaged in issuing humanitarian assistance across the globe. Global humanitarian assistance of the United Arab Emirates The United Arab Emirates is a renowned contributor of global humanitaria n aid having translated its global development and humanitarian aid into an instrument of foreign policy. The philosophy underlying this development is the Islamic belief that helping those in need is a primary duty. Consequently, the United Arab Emirates as well believes that part of its wealth derived from oil and gas resources ought to be dedicated to assisting less providential countries and individuals. In light of this, the World Bank in 2010 recognized the United Arab Emirates as one of the world’s most bighearted contributors to global foreign aid. Global Humanitarian Assistance, an organization that scrutinizes the distribution of charitable aid from governments, in its 2010 report included the United Arab Emirates as the first non-European nation in the international top 10 humanitarian aid donors per head of population. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development as well recognized the United Arab Emirates as the fourteenth most generous donor in the globe (Suryatapa, 2010). In essence, the United Arab Emirates is a renowned contributor in global humanitarian aid having undertaken massive humanitarian aid projects in the developing world. The provision of global humanit

Organizational improvement plan part 3 Research Paper

Organizational improvement plan part 3 - Research Paper Example This paper will look into the institution’s measures to reduce the fall rates by integrating quality improvement strategies in performance measures, applying information technology, and involving benchmark and milestones. Methodologies for Integrating Quality Improvement in Performance Measurement Quality improvement strategies achieve their full potential when they are part of the performance measurement. This plan tries to avoid duplicating ideas in the methods of integration to prevent â€Å"unnecessary confusion on providers and confusion among consumers† (Board on Healthcare Services, 2006, p. 83) present in other medical institutions’ plans. In doing so, the plan will focus on the most important elements identified to decrease patient fall rates and achieve the hospital’s ideal rate. Three quality improvement strategies, audit and feedback, patient education, and provider education, can be beneficial when used in performance measurements such as proc ess measures and outcome measures. Process measures are useful to â€Å"quantify the delivery of recommended procedures or service† (Institute of Medicine et al., 2003, p. ... For instance, provider education is a priority when the center wants to transfer efficiency to patient education as part of the process measures. An advantage of having a framework is that it lessens duplicating quality of the aims; however, it has less to do with the actual performance of methodology. Public reporting is another method to improve the plan’s decrease of patient fall rate. This method â€Å"sought to inform consumer choice and stimulate provider improvement† (Smith, Mossailos, & Papanicolas, 2008, p. 10). The method requires full participation of the consumers to have adequate data to assess the provider. However, the reports proved to have â€Å"very little impact on the behavior of practitioners or organizations† (Smith, Mossailos, & Papanicolas, 2008, p. 11) when the practitioners are unaware of how the initiative goes and there is little or no financial incentive attached to it, which in turn, would make the method useless and a waste of effor t. Using information systems or data gathering is the initial process of quality improvement (Smith, Mossailos, & Papanicolas, 2008). Through it, providers would have an overview on which aspect they have to improve. This is beneficial because it improves the institution as a whole, using technology. However, technology is rapidly advancing and keeping with the latest developments would mean a large sum of investment (Smith, Mossailos, & Papanicolas, 2008). Financial budgeting would be a problem, if not shouldered by a bigger organization or the government. These methodologies are interconnected and all include information dissemination and organized practice. Taking into consideration this institution organizational

Observation paper Essay Example for Free

Observation paper Essay The Child’s name I have chosen for this observation paper is a 5 year old female named Janiya, she seems to be a happy normal child. Her mother and father are of African American descent. Her mother and father are married yet separated. Janiya lives home with her mom and aunt, her mom keeps her toys inside her room where Janiya regularly accesses her bedroom and bring toys in and out as she pleases, as well as plays inside her room when she wants. Her toys consist of a bike, baby dolls, Barbie dolls, tablet, computer, and PlayStation 4. These are the toys Janiya plays with everyday according to her mom. Observation Janiya is a very bright little girl with a huge personality she loves attention and loves to watch cartoons and play with her toys. The observations I made were in the living room, kitchen and her bedroom and observed her for 30 minutes. Janiya is a very creative little girl adapting to her surroundings and nothing was never too high for her because she climbed on top of furniture when she wanted to reach things that was too high for her I seen Janiya climb on top a chair to get some chips out of the cabinet she used her physical strength to pull her weight up until she was able to reach them. I was amazed at how smart she was when it came to thinking of a way to get things she wanted instead of asking for assistance anything she needs access to and is too high for her to reach she climbs on furniture to reach it or asks her mom or aunt to get it if she couldn’t according to her mom, Janiya is displaying her gross motor skills. She then came in the living room and proceeded to change the channel to Nick Jr. and Sponge Bob Square pants was on and Janiya started singing the theme song standing up in the chair dancing and singing showing off her cognitive and functional play skills trying to do what she sees on tv and also displaying her language development. Janiya’s mom then walked from her bed room in the living room explaining to Janiya that she has to help her with her homework  before she watches cartoons so she needs to go to her bedroom to retrieve her book bag Janiya is in the kindergarten. Janiya runs in her room to get her book bag and quickly came back into the living room with it displaying her gross motor skills again. Her mom pulls out her homework which consists of writing her first name 10 times and writing her last name 10 times she gives Janiya verbal cues on writing her name writing Janiya write and telling her which letter to write next she is encoding this information inside Janiya’s memory and she will eventually have this information in her long term memory and will be able to write her name without verbal cues in the future right now she is now processing information and developing her memory. After doing her homework Janiya went in her room and bought out her dolls and begin playing with herself in the living room displaying dramatic play I heard her talking to her dolls and pretending that was her baby. This was the end of my 30 minute observation; Janiya seems as if she is coming along well with displaying skills, language, playing and her imag ination. She was really a bright little girl and I enjoyed observing her and seeing the changes children go through to develop most of their skills that are going to be used every day when they get older! Observation Paper: Janiya Psychology 221 Michelle Bennett The Child’s name I have chosen for this observation paper is a 5 year old female named Janiya, she seems to be a happy normal child. Her mother and father are of African American descent. Her mother and father are married yet separated. Janiya lives home with her mom and aunt, her mom keeps her toys inside her room where Janiya regularly accesses her bedroom and bring toys in and out as she pleases, as well as plays inside her room when she wants. Her toys consist of a bike, baby dolls, Barbie dolls, tablet, computer, and PlayStation 4. These are the toys Janiya plays with everyday according to her mom. Observation Janiya is a very bright little girl with a huge personality she loves attention and loves to watch cartoons and play with her toys. The observations I made were in the living room, kitchen and her bedroom and observed her for 30 minutes. Janiya is a very creative little girl adapting to her surroundings and nothing was never too high for her because she climbed on top of furniture when she wanted to reach things that was too high for her I seen Janiya climb on top a chair to get some chips out of the cabinet she used her physical strength to pull her weight up until she was able to reach them. I was amazed at how smart she was when it came to thinking of a way to get things she wanted instead of asking for assistance anything she needs access to and is too high for her to reach she climbs on furniture to reach it or asks her mom or aunt to get it if she couldn’t according to her mom, Janiya is displaying her gross motor skills. She then came in the living room and proceeded to change the channel to Nick Jr. and Sponge Bob Square pants was on and Janiya started singing the theme song standing up in the chair dancing and singing showing off her cognitive and functional play skills trying to do what she sees on tv and also displaying her language development. Janiya’s mom then walked from her bed room in the living room explaining to Janiya that she has to help her with her homework before she watches cartoons so she needs to go to her bedroom to retrieve her book bag Janiya is in the kindergarten. Janiya runs in her room to get her book bag and quickly came back into the living room with it displaying her gross motor skills again. Her mom pulls out her homework which consists of writing her first name 10 times and writing her last name 10 times she gives Janiya verbal cues on writing her name writing Janiya write and telling her which letter to write next she is encoding this information inside Janiya’s memory and she will eventually have this information in her long term memory and will be able to write her name without verbal cues in the future right now she is now processing information and developing her memory. After doing her homework Janiya went in her room and bought out her dolls and begin playing with herself in t he living room displaying dramatic play I heard her talking to her dolls and pretending that was her baby. This was the end of my 30 minute observation; Janiya seems as if she is coming along well with displaying skills, language, playing and her imagination. She was really a bright little girl and I enjoyed observing her and seeing the changes children go through to develop most of their skills that are  going to be used every day when they get older!

The Diary of Anne Frank Thanks to the Nazis :: Anne Frank

The Diary of Anne Frank   Thanks to the Nazis The Diary of Anne Frank Journeying back to the early nineteenth century, when Nazi forces occupied Germany during World War II, the lives of those living in this territory was spent in constant fear and anxiety. The Diary of Anne Frank leads readers through the harsh times of a family trying to escape imprisonment in concentration camps by Nazi soldiers, where death was almost certain. Born on June 12, 1929, Anne Frank was a German-Jewish teenager who was forced to go into hiding during the Holocaust. She and her family, along with four others, spent 25 months during World War II in an annex of rooms above her father's office in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. During the two years in hiding which Anne refers to as "a time when the ideals are being shattered and destroyed, when the worst side of human nature predominates, when every one has come to doubt truth, justice and God (pg.327)." Anne kept a diary that was given to her by her father, Otto Frank, on her birthday. Between June 1942 and August 1944, from Anne's thirteenth birthday until shortly after her fifteenth birthday, Anne recorded her feelings, her emotions, and her thoughts, as well as the events that happened to her. "†¦[I]deas, dreams, and cherished hopes rise within us only to meet the horrible truth and be shattered†¦yet in spite of everything I still believe that people are rea lly good at heart (pg. 327)." The diary is an accurate record of the way Anne grows up and matures, in the unfortunate situation she found herself. Given the circumstances in which the novel is written Anne gave a very vivid description of her surroundings and the feelings she encountered throughout her ordeal. The novel displays the grief and frustration that is experienced throughout the time spent in hiding. The emotions of the situation are captured in the text and gives validity to the pain and frustration encountered. Despite the amusing and enlightening side of the diary, that documents the process of her adolescence, it also provides a vividly terrifying description of what it was like to be Jewish hiding during the time the Nazis sought to kill all the Jews in Europe. After two years of living in the "secret annex", behind a bookcase, and having to be extremely quite during the day so that the workers in the office and warehouse below could not hear them the family was captured.

Bride Song: A Gently Worded Death Essay

â€Å"Too late for love, too late for joy, too late, too late!† (1). This is the opening line from the poem â€Å"Bride Song†, by Christina Rossetti. The poem is about a woman (â€Å"the bride†), who lived her life waiting for her love (â€Å"the groom†) to come for her. She died alone, never having loved another man, all that time waiting for him to return, however, he was too late, and returned only in time for her funeral. If you were dying, would you fight for your life? Death may be inevitable, but you do not have to accept it. You can still fight, you can hold on just a bit longer. In the poem, the â€Å"bride† never seemed to fight for her life, but rather accepted her death. It was as if she would rather die than live knowing the love of her life would never return to her. Three major poetic devices used in the poem were symbolism, repetition, and rhyme scheme. One example of symbolism in the poem is â€Å"Now these are poppies in her locks ,/ White poppies she must wear† (25-26). The white poppies worn by the bride are a symbol of â€Å"pure death†, meaning when the bride died, she was pure of heart. The poppies could also symbolize â€Å"eternal sleep†, implying that rather than seeing death as ‘the end’, she (the author) saw it as rest, a sort of dreamless sleep, an escape from her lonesome life. There are several examples of repetition in the poem, the repetition of the word â€Å"crown† in stanzas four and six {â€Å"We think her white brows often ached/ Beneath her crown† (38-39) and also â€Å"Lo we who love weep not today/ But crown her royal head† (55-56)} show great admiration and respect for the bride. This is also shown by the metaphor in which the author refers to the bride as â€Å"The enchanted princess† (7). The rhyme scheme is carried out through each stanza; however it changes slightly in the second and sixth stanzas. The overall rhyming of the poem tends to give it the effect of a song, which ties in with the title â€Å"Bride Song†. It also helps the poem to flow more smoothly. The metaphors used in the poem also helped to support the idea that the bride was lost without her love. The frozen fountain would have leaped, The buds gone on to blow, The warm south wind would have awaked To melt the snow (17-20) The lines above are a great example of how through imagery and metaphor, Rossetti indicates how everything stopped working when the â€Å"groom† was away, and how, had he returned in time, he could have saved the bride before she too, ceased to function. The melancholic, serious word choice helps to convey the dark tone or theme of the poem. By using words such as â€Å"enchanted† (7), and â€Å"royal† (56) when talking about the bride, it conveys a deep sense of respect. When the poet says that the groom â€Å"loitered† (3) and â€Å"trifled† (4), it shows that she (the author) thinks the groom was just wasting time, and he did not have a real reason for not being there, he was simply delaying. The repetitive use of the word â€Å"we† in stanza six shows that she (the author) was not alone in the anger towards the groom. The word â€Å"love† is used repeatedly throughout the poem, making it clear that it plays a large part in the over all theme. The repeated use of the term â€Å"Too late† in the first two lines, conveys the thought that the groom was too late, that had he should have arrived earlier, perhaps he might have saved the bride from her dreary death. It also shows a subtle hint of irritation or anger towards the groom. The poet’s attitude throughout the poem changes depending on who she is talking to or about. When she is talking about the bride, she speaks with nothing but respect and admiration and care towards her. She has nothing but good things to say of her, referring to her several times as royalty. However, during the parts when the poem is directed at the groom, the tone takes on an angered or irate feel. It is clear that the author feels the groom is somewhat to blame in the death of the bride, perhaps thinking that had he been there she might have lived on, happier, or at least died with someone by her side. In the last stanza, when the poem says: Let be these poppies that we strew, Your roses are too red: Let be these poppies not for you Cut down and spread. (57-60) The red roses symbolize love, by the author saying they are â€Å"too red†, it means that the love was too much for the bride to bear, it was too strong. When the author says that the poppies are not for him, she is basically saying that everything was done for the bride, in honor of her, none of it is for him: they care not about him. The poem is rather sad which, in all honesty is why it was chosen. Darker poems seem to have a certain beauty that other poems do not have, a certain charm about them; the pain and desperation they show reveals so much more emotional depth. It leaves you to wonder if it really was the groom’s fault for the bride dying alone. If he really left her, with a promise of returning, or whether, perhaps, she had been holding on to false hope all along, so desperate for him to return to her, that she blinded herself from reality, never allowing herself to move on, never allowing herself to love another man. It makes you wonder if she had let go of the past, if she might have found happiness.

Problems and Issues in Philippine Education Essay

1. Colonial historiography. Most of the past and present teachers, book authors, and Social Studies consultants give heavier premium to the history of the colonizers in the Philippines, and not to the history of Filipinos. Mostly, this has been the case in the teaching of History subjects from the elementary to tertiary levels and will most likely perpetuate in the next generations to come. The history of the Filipino people and the colonial history of the Philippines are two different topics altogether. 2. Internationalization of the division of labor. To a certain extent, the Philippine educational system conditions its students to be skillful in arithmetic and computer literacy, fluent in foreign languages (specifically English and Nihonggo), and docile in order to serve as workers of the transnational businesses of the advanced, capitalist countries. Take the case of the call center phenomenon in the Philippines, India and other developing states. see more:k-12 advantages and disadvantages 3. Emasculation and demoralization of teachers. Teachers, more often than not, are victimized by the over-worked and under-paid policy of the system of the past and present dispensations. This leads to the emasculation and demoralization of their ranks. This probably explains why the teaching profession is not attracting the best and the brightest from the crop of students anymore. Expectedly, this will correspondingly result to the vicious cycle of mediocrity in education. 4. Fly-by-night educational institutions . By any measure, the proliferation of fly-by-night educational institutions is counter-productive. In the long run, it produces a pool of half-baked, unprepared, and incompetent graduates. Alarmingly, the country is having an over-supply already. Some would even consider them as liabilities than assets. This case is true for both undergraduate and graduate studies. 5. Culturally and gender insensitive educational system. Women, the common tao and the indigenous people are almost historically excluded from the Philippine historiography in favor of the men, heroes from Luzon and the power elite. Women are marginalized and trivialized even in language of education. Take the case of the terms female lawyer (as if lawyer as a profession is exclusive only to men) and manpower (which should have been human resources or human capital to be more politically correct). 6. State abandonment of education. In the name of imperialist globalization, the state—in an incremental fashion—is abandoning its role to subsidize public education particularly in the tertiary level. This comes in the form of matriculation, laboratory and miscellaneous fee increases in order to force state colleges and universities (SCUs) to generate their own sources of fund. Ironically, the bulk of the budget (in fact, more than one-third in the case of 2005 National Budget) goes to debt servicing. 7. Sub-standard textbooks. Some textbooks which are already circulation are both poorly written and haphazardly edited. Take the case of the Asya: Noon at Ngayon with an identified total number of more than 400 historical errors. Unfortunately, it is just one of the many other similar atrociously written textbooks which are yet to be identified and exposed. This is a classic case of profit-centeredness without regard to social accountability. 8. Widespread contractualization. In the name of profit, owners and administrators of several private schools commonly practice contractualization among their faculty members. Contractual employees unlike their regular/tenured counterparts are not entitled to fringe benefits which consequently reduces the over-all cost of their business operation. Job insecurity demeans the ranks of the faculty member 9. Undue disregard for specialization. Some colleges and universities encourage their faculty pool to be generalists (under the guise of multidisciplinary approach to learning) in order to be  able to handle various subjects all at once. But some faculty members have turned out to be objects of mockery and have lost their self-esteem since some of them were pushed to handle Technical Writing, General Psychology, Filipino, and Algebra at the same time. This is prevalent among some franchised academic institutions even if the subjects are already off-tangent their area of interest and specialization. 10. Copy-pasting culture. Over-dependence to the cyberspace has dramatically reduced the capability of students (even teachers) to undertake research. ‘Copy-pasting’ has even turned into a norm among some students whenever they are tasked to submit a research paper or even a film review. Needless to say, plagiarism has already transformed into a more sophisticated form in the context of today’s electronic age. 11. Mc Donaldized education. The system, methodology, and even content of education in the Philippines are mere haphazard transplantation from the West. It is therefore Eurocentric, culturally insensitive, and non-reflective of the local milieu. This is based on the xenocentric (foreign-centered) premise that other culture or system is far more superior than one’s own. 12.The problem of non-sustainability and non-continuity. Teachers, administrators and publishers are all left in limbo whenever the DepEd would come up with another totally different directive from what it used to have in a rather very sudden interval. Take the case of the grading system, timeframe allotted to various subjects, MAKABAYAN program, readiness test, and learning competencies. 13. Poor regard for liberal art/education. Liberal education is intended to form a holistic individual equipped with communication, critical thinking, mathematical, creative, inter-personal and intra-personal skills. This explains why we also have Philosophy, Languages, Humanities, Natural Science, Social Science, Physical Education and even Theology in our college curriculum, and not only our major subjects. The curriculum is specifically designed to produce a total person, and not only  a technical specialist. Unfortunately, the desired objective is not being met at all since liberal education is regarded only as a set of minor subjects. With the way these subjects are being handled (taking into account both content and methodology), students view the entire exercise as an unnecessary duplication of what they have already covered in high school. Equally alarming is the lack of enthusiasm and motivation exhibited by some professors to handle the subject especially if they believe that it has nothing to do with the course or area of specialization of their students (say, Art Appreciation for Accounting majors or Algebra for Creative Writing majors). 13. Education a purveyor of myth. Education has been very effective in mainstreaming and perpetuating the social myths in a subtle and indirect manner. Some of these myths are the perceived superiority of white, educated men, ‘official’ history as advanced by the western point of view, globalization as the only way to achieve economic development, and stereotypes against the minoritized and the disenfranchised. 14. Further marginalization of the undersubscribed courses. In the name of profit and as a response to the dictates of the market forces, colleges and universities prefer to offer more courses in line with the health sciences like nursing, medical transcription, and care-giving. This is done at the expense of the already undersubscribed yet relevant courses like Area Studies, Pilipinolohiya (Philippine Studies), Development Studies, Philippine Arts, Art Studies, Community Development, Social Work, Islamic Studies, Clothing Technology, and Ceramics Engineering. 15. Monolithic education. Some educators in the name of conservatism and for the sake of convenience, prefer the old-style teaching paradigm where they view themselves as the fountain of knowledge and their students as nothing but empty vessels to be filled up (banking method of education). Modern education has ushered in learner-centered approach to education (from being the sage in the stage to just a guide on the side). 16. Atrociously boring teachers. As I always underscore, there are no boring subjects, only boring teachers. But at least we should recognize them because they still serve a purpose. They serve as bad examples. 16. Brain drain Apart from the much debated political, social and psychological aspects, this ongoing mass emigration constitutes an unparalleled brain drain with serious economic implications.Arguably, the phenomenon also has an educational dimension, as the Philippine society is footing the bill for the education of millions of people, who then spend the better part of their productive years abroad. In effect, the poor Philippine educational system is indirectly subsidizing the affluent economies hosting the OFWs. With 95 per cent of all elementary students attending public schools, the educational crisis in the Philippines is basically a crisis of public education. The wealthy can easily send their offspring to private schools, many of which offer first-class education to the privileged class of pupils. Read more:  Current Issues in the Philippines Problems and Issues in K to 12 Curriculum Overview It is not that difficult to understand why, despite the additional costs the program would entail, the public generally appears to take President Benigno Aquino III’s K to 12 basic education program sitting down. That is if state-sponsored surveys are to be believed. The House Committee on Basic Education claims majority of the public surveyed during its consultations favored the K to 12 program, while separate consultations by theDepartment of Education (DepEd) showed 77 percent of the 1,417 people consulted nationwide supported Aquino’s flagship education program. For one, DepEd tried to make the lengthening of the basic education cycle palatable by saying the additional junior and senior high school levels would make students ready for the world of work when they graduate in high school. Even as public elementary and high school education continues to be free under the new system, other expenses such as transportation, allowance, food, school projects and other school expenses would still burden families and take up a significant portion of the family budget. However, what apparently makes parents willing to shoulder such costs is the empty promise of employability after their children receive their hard-earned diplomas. In  the present scheme of things, the function of education is already reduced to the individual’s mere employability. The K to 12 program reinforces this societal function of education. Society also continues to regard education as essential to social mobility, an â€Å"investment† worth undertaking as the â€Å"costs do not outweigh the benefits.† Owing to its highly commercialized character, tertiary education has also become inaccessible for many Filipinos. Dominated by the private sector, higher educational institutions charge students with sky-high tuition and miscellaneous fees that remain unregulated and unchecked. Even as college education gives the student an advantage in the vicious and highly-competitive search for job opportunities, many youths forgo college schooling simply because they cannot afford it. This makes the K to 12’s employability factor more appealing and acceptable to the parents, who are made to believe that under the new education system, college education is a path which is not for everyone to tread. Lastly, any educational reform almost always appeals to many especially since there is a general consensus that our present state of education is in disarray. The word â€Å"reform† is always easy for the public to swallow because any move to veer away from the present arrangement of things is viewed as a welcome development. Reaction/comment Government officials and other advocates who are so insistent in adding two more years in the school cycle should thus join the clamor for higher wages and the regulation of prices of basic commodities and services, push for the expansion and institutionalization of student financial support systems and scholarships, and more importantly, fight for greater state subsidy to education at all levels. Any education reform program that does not take into account economic and other social factors that affect a person’s schooling is bound to fail especially when its supposed beneficiaries cannot keep pace. The public should not take the K to 12 program as a bitter pill to swallow. It should not pass judgment on the program based solely on its glittery promise of honing the student for employability, and the additional costs that parents have to shoulder. The heavy financial burden that comes with the implementation of the program is just one of the many issues on the surface. Basic problems such as lack of teacher training and the failure of the government to address input gaps are also considerations that if left  unaddressed may imperil the full implementation of the program. But a fundamental flaw of the program that merits equal attention is its inability to address the problem of decreasing access to education. Aquino’s K to 12 is anchored on improving the competencies of in-school youths but fails to consider the situation of the growing number of out-of-school youths in the country who should enjoy the universally-acknowledged right of access to educational services. Furthermore, school survival rates are not merely influenced by the student’s mental and cognitive abilities. Poverty, the peace situation, and other societal factors all contribute to the increasing drop-out rates that cannot be remedied by mere curricular reforms and additional years of schooling. What use does a more â€Å"enjoyable† learning experience have when the student cannot even afford to go to school due to his or her financial woes? The K to 12 is marketed as a program wherein the student is given the option to pursue different paths upon graduation: employment, entrepreneurship, and higher education. This freedom of choice touted by the K to 12 proponents, however, is illusory since the student’s choice is actually limited by the reality that higher education has become a privilege and that the worsening economic conditions in the country are pushing Filipinos to seek jobs instead of pursuing higher education. The program’s objective to produce â€Å"globally competitive graduates† also run counter to the supposed freedom that the student possesses in choosing his or her career path. In reality, under the present economic set-up, the prescriptions of market dictates shape our choices and decisions, be it in the brands we purchase, the artists we subscribe to, the course we take in college, and even in the profession or occupation we wish to have. With the government systematically and aggressively promoting the export of labor and the dependence on external sources of jobs and economic growth through its economic policies, it can be expected that majority of the jobs and fields of learning that the students would be pursuing are those that are in tune with the demands of global market—call center jobs, technical-vocational jobs abroad, etc. It is contemptible, how at a young age people are told to pursue whatever dreams they have but education agencies would be coming up with a list of courses that are highly discouraged simply because they are not what the global market demands. Thus, the observation that the real motive behind the K to 12 education reform program is to further intensify  labor export by systematically targeting the country’s young labor force, and further service the demands of multinational firms is not without basis. As seen from the K to 12 curriculum, there is a noticeable focus given to technology and livelihood education (TLE) during high school, with the learner even obtaining a certificate of competency required by industries. In Grades 7 and 8, TLE subjects are exploratory, which means that the learner is given the opportunity to learn 5 basic competencies: 1) mensuration and calculation, 2) use of tools and equipment, 3) interpretation of plans/drawing 4) occupational health and safety in the workplace 5) maintenance of tools and equipment. In Grade 9, the learner chooses one course to specialize in from among the exploratory courses and in Grade 10, he/she pursues the TLE specialization that he/she has chosen in the previous grade in order for him/her to obtain at least a National Certificate Level I or Level II. There is completely nothing wrong with developing the technical and vocational skills of the citizens if these are oriented towards genuine economic development through national industrialization. However, the present economic orientation of the country shows that tech-voc courses supply either the demands abroad or the pool of skilled reserve labor servicing multinational firms which take advantage of the country’s cheap skilled labor. While the intentions seem laudable at first glance, the underlying context of the implementation of the K to 12 program could be best understood by looking at the government’s problematic general development framework that is the Philippine Development Plan, which seeks to reinforce the country’s adherence to the flawed development paradigm of neoliberal globalization. The K to 12 program’s thrust of producing â€Å"21st century graduates† is nothing but an affirmation and a reinforcement of the country’s role in the uneven world order where economies such are ours are molded according to the interests of the powers-that-be. Thus, the K to 12 education program can be considered a sine qua non for the fulfillment of the government’s agenda of trawling the path of the globalization project, which has only made the country vulnerable to the world economic crisis and has yielded the very crisis that plagues  Philippine education. Our country ha s gone through many changes and development for the past few years. The continuous process made great impacts in the lives of millions of Filipinos. Relatively, the changes have given us advantages not to mention the disadvantages it brought causing downfall to many people. There are numerous questions concerning the issues and problems existing in the Philippine Educational System as to how we can resolve it the best way we could to attain that kind of quality of education we have been searching and longing for. Where do we begin and how do we respond to such? Public schools are the building blocks of our societies. They can be considered our foundational instruments. Although these venues of learning play significant roles, they are unable to provide the best they can, due to their numerous flaws. As I’ve gone through different readings and researches, questions were arising in my mind as to what solutions are applicable in addressing the problems about the quality of education, affordability, budget, mismatch, integration of sex education in the curriculum, R.A. 9710 (Magna Carta for Women) and other concerns which are somehow related to it. I will always stand for what I believe in according to my observations that we have good guidelines and policies on education but what is lacking is the ability to implement such in accordance to the needs of every school, majority of which belong to the public education system. Generally, Philippine Education aims to provide quality and free education both for the elementary and secondary public schools but again this have not been observed and understood well causing it to be a burden most especially to the students and parents.